Acoustic properties of simple and ejective stops in Nivaĉle (Mataguayan)
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
The opposition of the series of stops based on the constricted glottis feature [c.g.] –i.e., pulmonic vs. ejectives– only occurs in approximately 16 % of the phonological inventories of the world’s languages (Maddieson 1984). In Nivaĉle (Mataguayan), the pulmonic vs. ejective contrast involves different places and modes of articulation, but only occurs in onset position. Based on an elicitation task with a Nivaĉle speaker from the Uj’e Lhavos community, Paraguay, this paper presents a preliminary acoustic study of voiceless and ejective stops. Based on 118 repetitions of words, 590 values were obtained, which were statistically computed in a descriptive and inferential way by means of ANOVAS. The type of sound was analyzed according to the airstream mechanism and the place of articulation. The following acoustic measures were analyzed: (i) duration of the closure, (ii) voice onset time (VOT), (iii) perturbation of the fundamental frequency (F0), (iv) jitter, and (v) rise time. The results show statistically significant values for the distinction of the stops under study.
Downloads
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Los autores de los artículos publicados conservan los derechos de copyright.
Licencia de uso:
Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0 Internacional.
References
Asociación para la Promoción de la Cultura y el Desarrollo (APCD) (2019). El pueblo Nivaĉle en Formosa ¡Estos son! https://issuu.com/apcdcultura/docs/el_pueblo_nivacle_en_formosa._estos_son
Bennett, William & Sharon Rose (2017). Moro voicelessness dissimilation and binary [voice]. Phonology 34/3: 473-505. doi: 10.1017/S0952675717000252
Bird, Sonya (2002). Dakelh Ejectives: Evidence for New Ways of Classifying Sounds. Ponencia presentada en el 76 Meeting of the Linguistic Society of America. San Francisco, CA.
Blevins, Juliette (2004). Evolutionary phonology: The emergence of sound patterns. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Boersma, Paul & David Weenink (2023). Praat: doing phonetics by computer [Computer program]. Versión 6.3.10. Recuperado a partir de http://www.praat.org/ 2 de mayo de 2023.
Chase-Sardi, Miguel (1981). Pequeño Decameron nivaĉle. Literatura oral de una etnia del Chaco paraguayo. Asunción: Ediciones Napa.
Clements, George N. (1985). The Geometry of Phonological Features. Phonology Yearbook 2: 225- 252.
Clements, George N. (2003). Feature economy in sound systems. Phonology 20: 287-333.
DGEEC (2012). III Censo Nacional Indígena de Población y Viviendas 2012: Pueblos indígenas del Paraguay. Asunción: Dirección General de Estadística Encuestas y Censos. https://www.ine.gov.py/Publicaciones/Biblioteca/indigena2012/Pueblos%20indigenas%20en%20el%20Paraguay%20Resultados%20Finales%20de%20Poblacion%20y%20Viviendas%202012.pdf
Dryer, Matthew S. & Martin Haspelmath (eds.) (2013). WALS Online (v2020.3) [Data set]. Zenodo. doi: 10.5281/zenodo.7385533. Recuperado a partir de https://wals.info 2 de mayo de 2023.
Fuchs, Robert (2016). Speech rhythm in varieties of English: Evidence from educated Indian English and British English. Singapore: Springer.
Gordon, Matthew & Peter Ladefoged (2001). Phonation Types: A Cross-Linguistic Overview. Journal of Phonetics 29/4: 383-406.
Greenberg, Joseph H. (1970). Some generalizations concerning glottalic consonants, especially implosives. International Journal of American Linguistics 36/2: 123- 145.
González, Hebe (2004). A typology of stops in South American Indian languages. Proceedings from The 1st Conference on the Indigenous Languages of Latin America (CILLA I), University of Austin. Recuperado a partir de https://ailla.utexas.org/sites/default/files/documents/Gonzales_SA_Languages.pdf. 2 de mayo de 2023.
González, Hebe (2015). El Chaco como área lingüística: una evaluación de los rasgos fonológicos. En Bernard Comrie & Lucía Golluscio (eds.), Language contact and documentation. Contacto lingüístico y documentación. Berlin: DeGruyter, 165-204.
González Poot, Antonio A. (2018). Rasgos acústicos de las obstruyentes simples y eyectivas en el maya yucateco del camino real: bases para una caracterización dialectal. Cuadernos de Lingüística de El Colegio de México 5/1: 108-147.
Gutiérrez, Analía (2015). Segmental and prosodic complexity in nivaĉle: laryngeals, laterals, and metathesis. Tesis de doctorado, University of British Columbia, Vancouver. Recuperado a partir de https://open.library.ubc.ca/collections/ubctheses/24/items/1.0166445. 2 de mayo de 2023.
Gutiérrez, Analía (2019). Nivaĉle (shichaam lhavos variety). Journal of the International Phonetic Association 49/3: 401-417. doi: 10.1017/S0025100316000335
Hajek, John & Mary Stevens (2005). On the acoustic characterization of ejective stops in Waima'a. Interspeech: 2889-2892. Recuperado a partir de https://www.phonetik.uni-muenchen.de/forschung/publikationen/MaryStevens/IS051379.pdf . 2 de mayo de 2023.
Ham, SooYoun (2004). Tsilhquit’in Ejectives: A Descriptive Phonetic Study. Tesis de maestría, University of Victoria.
Ham, SooYoun (2007). Tsilhqut’in Ejectives. Actes du congrès annuel de l'Association canadienne de linguistique 2007/Proceedings of the 2007 annual conference of the Canadian Linguistic Association. Recuperado a partir de https://cla-acl.ca/pdfs/actes-2007/Ham.pdf. 2 de mayo de 2023.
Hargus, Sharon (2007). Witsuwit'en grammar: Phonetics, Phonology, Morphology. Vancouver: University of British Columbia Press.
Haudricourt, Andre-Georges (1950). Les consonnes preglottalisees en Indochine. Bulletin de la Societe Linguistique de Paris 46: 172-182.
Honeybone, Patrick (2005). Diachronic evidence in segmental phonology: the case of obstruent laryngeal specifications. En Marc van Oostendorp & Jeroen van de Weijer (eds.), The Internal Organization of Phonological Segments. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter, 319-354.
INDEC (2004-2005). Encuesta complementaria de pueblos indígenas. Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Censos, Argentina. Recuperado a partir de http://www.indec.mecon.ar/webcenso/ECPI/index ecpi.asp. 2 de mayo de 2023.
Itô, Junko & Armin Mester (1994). Reflections on CodaCond and Alignment. En Jason Merchant, Jaye Padgett & Rachel Walker (eds.), Phonology at Santa Cruz III. Santa Cruz: Linguistics Research Center, 27-46.
Johnson, Keith (2011). Acoustic and Auditory Phonetics. Oxford: Blackwell.
Ladefoged, P. & Johnson, K. (2011). A course in phonetics. (6th. edition). Boston, MA: Wadsworth.
Kingston, John (1985). The phonetics and phonology of the timing of oral and glottal events. Tesis de doctorado, University of California, Berkeley.
Kingston, John (2005). The phonetics of Athabaskan tonogenesis. En Sharon Hargus & Keren Rice (eds.), Athabaskan prosody. Amsterdam & Philadelphia: John Benjamins, 137-184.
Klein, Harriet & Louise R. Stark (1977). Indian languages of the paraguayan Chaco. Anthropological Linguistics 19/8: 378- 401.
Ladefoged, Peter (1971). Preliminaries to linguistic phonetics. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Ladefoged, Peter & Ian Maddieson (1996). The Sounds of the World’s Languages. Malden, MA: Blackwell.
Lindau, Mona (1984). Phonetic differences in glottalic consonants. Journal of Phonetics 12: 147-155.
Lisker, Leigh & Arthur S. Abramson (1964). A cross-language study of voicing in initial stops: Acoustical measurements. Word 20: 384-422.
Lombardi, Linda (1991). Laryngeal features and laryngeal neutralization. Tesis de doctorado, University of Massachusetts.
Lombardi, Linda (1995). Laryngeal neutralization and syllable wellformedness. Natural Language and Linguistic Theory 13: 39-74.
Maddieson, Ian (1984). Patterns of Sounds. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Maddieson, Ian (1997). Phonetic universals. En William Hardcastle & John Laver (eds.), The Handbook of Phonetic Sciences. Oxford: Blackwell Publishers, 619-639.
Maddieson, Ian (2013). Glottalized consonants. En Matthew S. Dryer & Martin Haspelmath (eds.), The World Atlas of Language Structures Online. Leipzig: Max Plank Institute. Recuperado a partir de http://wals.info/chapter/7. 2 de mayo de 2023.
Maddieson, Ian, Sébastien Flavier, Egidio Marsico & François Pellegrino (2014-2016). LAPSyD: Lyon-Albuquerque Phonological Systems Databases, Versión 1.0. Recuperado a partir de http://www.lapsyd.ddl.ish-lyon.cnrs.fr/lapsyd. 2 de mayo de 2023.
Marcinko, Mackenzie (2021). Classifying Apurímac Quechua Ejectives. University of Pennsylvania Working Papers in Linguistics, 27/1: 139-148. Recuperado a partir de https://repository.upenn.edu/pwpl/vol27/iss1/18. 2 de mayo de 2023.
McCarthy, John & Alan Prince (1996 [1986]). Prosodic morphology 1986. Report no. RuCCS-TR-32. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Center for Cognitive Science. Recuperado a partir de https://scholarworks.umass.edu/linguist_faculty_pubs/13/ 2 de mayo de 2023.
McCarthy, John & Alan Prince (2004 [1993]). Generalized alignment. En Geert Booij & Jaap van Marle (eds.), Yearbook of Morphology 1993. Dordrecht: Kluwer, 79-153.
Nikulin, Andrey & Javier Carol (en prensa). Historical phonology of Mataguayan. Berlin: Language Science Press.
Rice, Keren (1994). Laryngeal features in Athapaskan languages. Phonology 1/1: 107-148.
Stell, Nélida N. (1987). Gramática descriptiva de la lengua niwaklé (chulupí). Tesis de doctorado, Universidad de Buenos Aires.
Steriade, Donca (1997). Phonetics in Phonology: The Case of Laryngeal Neutralization. Recuperado a partir de http://www.linguistics.ucla.edu/people/steriade/papers/phoneticsinphonology.pdf 2 de mayo de 2023.
Warner, Natasha (1996). Acoustic characteristics of ejectives in Ingush. Proceedings of the 1996 International Conference on Spoken Language Processing, ICSLP. Part 1 (of 4) Philadelphia, PA, USA, 1525-1528.
Wetzels, Leo & Joan Mascaró (2001). The typology of voicing and devoicing. Language 77: 207-244.
White, Leonard & Sven L. Mattys (2007). Calibrating rhythm: First language and second language studies. Journal of Phonetics 35/4: 501-522.
Wright, Richard, Sharon Hargus & Katharine Davis (2002). On the Categorization of ejectives: data from Witsuwit’en. Journal of the International Phonetic Association 32: 43-77.
Yavas, Mehmet (2011). Applied English Phonology (2da ed.). West Sussex, UK: Wiley-Blackwell.