Más allá de la sociedad receptora: reflexiones sobre los migrantes africanos y su complejidad cultural originaria
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Abstract
A partir de las últimas décadas del siglo XX, las migraciones africanas se expandieron no solamente hacia Europa sino a países tales como Argentina, impulsadas por las devastadores circunstancias económicas que siguieron a los planes de ajuste estructural, por guerras o por persecuciones políticas. De todos modos, aunque a diferencia de lo sucedido durante los tiempos de la trata esclavista, hombres y mujeres “libres” procedentes de países descolonizados protagonizaron estos desplazamientos, las migraciones africanas son abordadas como un conjunto compacto e inescindible, originarias de un continente homogéneo o clasificadas sin ir más lejos de referencias “nacionales” enmarcadas en límites impuestos en tiempos coloniales. Los procesos de inserción, por su parte, han sido analizados sólo a la luz de la cultura del territorio de recepción. Ante esta perspectiva, es nuestra intención problematizar los procesos migratorios africanos teniendo en cuenta la complejidad de su historia de origen. La propuesta es reflexionar acerca de las limitaciones que la referencia a un continente, a una “diáspora” unificada o al Estado-nación poscolonial de pertenencia impiden acceder en su real dimensión a la cultura y a la memoria del inmigrante, obstaculizando cualquier política seria de inserción.
From the last decades of 20th Century, African migrations expanded themselves not only to Europe but also to countries like Argentina, impelled by devastating economic circumstances that followed structural adjustment programs, wars or political persecution. Nevertheless, although these displacements differed from those of times of slave trade because free men and women who proceeded from decolonized countries took part of them, African migrations are tackled as a whole, with their origins in a homogeneous continent. Only national classification is considered, but related to realities that are enclosed in borders of colonial times. Besides, processes of insertion have been analized taking into account only the culture of host society. Face to this perspective, we want to discuss African migration relying on the complexity of their history. The proposal is to reflect about the limitations that imply continental, diaspora or post-colonial nation-state references, far from the real dimension of immigrants’ culture and memory, hindering any serious insertion policies.
From the last decades of 20th Century, African migrations expanded themselves not only to Europe but also to countries like Argentina, impelled by devastating economic circumstances that followed structural adjustment programs, wars or political persecution. Nevertheless, although these displacements differed from those of times of slave trade because free men and women who proceeded from decolonized countries took part of them, African migrations are tackled as a whole, with their origins in a homogeneous continent. Only national classification is considered, but related to realities that are enclosed in borders of colonial times. Besides, processes of insertion have been analized taking into account only the culture of host society. Face to this perspective, we want to discuss African migration relying on the complexity of their history. The proposal is to reflect about the limitations that imply continental, diaspora or post-colonial nation-state references, far from the real dimension of immigrants’ culture and memory, hindering any serious insertion policies.
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How to Cite
Contarino Sparta, L. (2011). Más allá de la sociedad receptora: reflexiones sobre los migrantes africanos y su complejidad cultural originaria. Revista De Historia, (12), 97–105. Retrieved from https://revele.uncoma.edu.ar/index.php/historia/article/view/84
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NoComercial-SinDerivadas 2.5 Argentina (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.5/ar/)